To tell bad alternator vs dead battery: Start the car with a jump. If it dies again within minutes — bad alternator (not charging). If it stays running — dead battery (alternator is fine). Confirm with a multimeter: good alternator reads 13.7–14.7 volts at the battery with engine running. Below 13.5V means the alternator is undercharging and will kill any new battery within days.
Bad Alternator vs Dead Battery: 15 Symptoms + 5-Step Diagnostic Test
